CEPAS (prep)

There are two leading pioneers in the e-payment landscape in Singapore, namely NETS and EZ-Link. Founded in 1985 by the local banks of Singapore, NETS continues to be a pioneer in providing cashless payment convenience. For many years, EZ-Link controlled the transit space while NETS controlled the motoring (ERP, parking) space. NETS also dominated the retail space, with EZ-Link having limited presence.
This case examines the running challenges and tradeoffs inside the development and deployment from the platform innovation for instance composing the efforts of multiple stakeholders and balancing various stakeholders’ legitimate acquisitions of supporting infrastructure and complementary enhancements. By additionally, marketing the adoption and diffusion in the cards by clients and merchants. The CEPAS platform appeared to become being utilized for an additional generation of e payment enhancements for example, obligations via Near Area Communication enabled mobile phones. Singapore needed one platform to combine these two methods and make it more efficient for the business and less costly for the consumers.
The stakeholders involved were the consumers, because it would save them money and the convenience. The government because it would decrease the cost of cash handling and the businesses that benefited from electronic payment systems. EZ link and NETS would benefit from one infrastructure that would help reduce cost.
Along with security and integrity requirements, CEPAs had to meet the high-performance requirements of Singapore’s transit system.

·         If the card was linked to a bank account or credit card it would provide balance by a specified amount when the debit amount was insufficient.
·         Limited to the most recent amount debited, this was useful for retail and bus fare transactions that required ‘at start, deduct maximum, upon end, and refund unused amount.
·      To reduce transaction processing overheads, debit operations for one card were accumulated into a final amount
The Singapore Society would be able to benefit by having all the information all on one card so that the card users could use the train or car/park systems with one card. Card features enabled multiple payment programs supplied by different companies to become only one smart card which clients may use for bus, taxi, rail transport, parking garages and road usage charges and finally retail micro obligations. By having two non-interoperable cards it would cause a lot of inadequacies causing problems for the users of the cards. 
There were s risks to CEPAS initiative, new e-payment system would not be accepted by consumers, and cards became available for purchase at a variety of locations, including ticket offices, convenience stores.  Another risk was that businesses would not adapt to CEPAS.